-
1 pragmatic party
пол. прагматичная партия (партия, ориентирующаяся на практическую целесообразность действий в отличие от доктринальной партии; как правило, преследует единственную цель — победу на выборах)Syn:Ant:See: -
2 political party
пол. политическая партия (добровольная общественная организация, объединяющая граждан с общими интересами и/или взглядами, и имеющая своей целью участие в осуществлении политической власти; именно в притязании на политическую власть и открытом участии в принятии политических решений заключается основное отличие политических партий от других общественных организаций, движений или клубов)See:political party typology, political organization, political movement, agent of influence, all-party, alternative movements, battle 2), cadre 4), party card, cartel 4) в), political centre, charismatic party, party constitution, coalition party, cross benches, defect 2. 4) в), doctrinal party, domestic diplomacy, Duverger's law, ideological party, fraction, interest party, green party, group, leader-party, outsider-party, legal party, illegal party, monopolistic party, opposition party, parliamentary party, non-parliamentary party, party of constituents, party system, mass political party, regular political party, pragmatic party, patronage party, vanguard party, ruling party, political party typology, centralized party, movement party, personal party, precinct captain, -
3 non-party system
пол. непартийная [беспартийная\] система (форма организации политической власти, при которой не существует партийных объединений, либо их наличие играет существенной роли в политической системе)Ant: -
4 political party typology
пол. типология политических партий (классификация в политической науке политических партий по определенным критериям; наиболее часто встречающийся критерий — идейные основания деятельности партий, подразумевающий деление на доктринальные, прагматические и харизматические; существуют и множество других критериев, напр., организационная структура, отношение к правящему режиму, условия приобретения партийного членства)See:Англо-русский экономический словарь > political party typology
-
5 patronage party
-
6 Socialist Party / Partido Socialista
(PS)Although the Socialist Party's origins can be traced back to the 1850s, its existence has not been continuous. The party did not achieve or maintain a large base of support until after the Revolution of 25 April 1974. Historically, it played only a minor political role when compared to other European socialist parties.During the Estado Novo, the PS found it difficult to maintain a clandestine existence, and the already weak party literally withered away. Different groups and associations endeavored to keep socialist ideals alive, but they failed to create an organizational structure that would endure. In 1964, Mário Soares, Francisco Ramos da Costa, and Manuel Tito de Morais established the Portuguese Socialist Action / Acção Socialista Português (ASP) in Geneva, a group of individuals with similar views rather than a true political party. Most members were middle-class professionals committed to democratizing the nation. The rigidity of the Portuguese Communist Party (PCP) led some to join the ASP.By the early 1970s, ASP nuclei existed beyond Portugal in Paris, London, Rome, Brussels, Frankfurt, Sweden, and Switzerland; these consisted of members studying, working, teaching, researching, or in other activities. Extensive connections were developed with other foreign socialist parties. Changing conditions in Portugal, as well as the colonial wars, led several ASP members to advocate the creation of a real political party, strengthening the organization within Portugal, and positioning this to compete for power once the regime changed.The current PS was founded clandestinely on 19 April 1973, by a group of 27 exiled Portuguese and domestic ASP representatives at the Kurt Schumacher Academy of the Friedrich Ebert Stiftung in Bad Munstereifel, West Germany. The founding philosophy was influenced by nondogmatic Marxism as militants sought to create a classless society. The rhetoric was to be revolutionary to outflank its competitors, especially the PCP, on its left. The party hoped to attract reform-minded Catholics and other groups that were committed to democracy but could not support the communists.At the time of the 1974 revolution, the PS was little more than an elite faction based mainly among exiles. It was weakly organized and had little grassroots support outside the major cities and larger towns. Its organization did not improve significantly until the campaign for the April 1975 constituent elections. Since then, the PS has become very pragmatic and moderate and has increasingly diluted its socialist program until it has become a center-left party. Among the party's most consistent principles in its platform since the late 1970s has been its support for Portugal's membership in the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Union (EU), a view that clashed with those of its rivals to the left, especially the PCP. Given the PS's broad base of support, the increased distance between its leftist rhetoric and its more conservative actions has led to sharp internal divisions in the party. The PS and the Social Democratic Party (PSD) are now the two dominant parties in the Portuguese political party system.In doctrine and rhetoric the PS has undergone a de-Marxification and a movement toward the center as a means to challenge its principal rival for hegemony, the PSD. The uneven record of the PS in general elections since its victory in 1975, and sometimes its failure to keep strong legislative majorities, have discouraged voters. While the party lost the 1979 and 1980 general elections, it triumphed in the 1983 elections, when it won 36 percent of the vote, but it still did not gain an absolute majority in the Assembly of the Republic. The PSD led by Cavaco Silva dominated elections from 1985 to 1995, only to be defeated by the PS in the 1995 general elections. By 2000, the PS had conquered the commanding heights of the polity: President Jorge Sampaio had been reelected for a second term, PS prime minister António Guterres was entrenched, and the mayor of Lisbon was João Soares, son of the former socialist president, Mário Soares (1986-96).The ideological transformation of the PS occurred gradually after 1975, within the context of a strong PSD, an increasingly conservative electorate, and the de-Marxification of other European Socialist parties, including those in Germany and Scandinavia. While the PS paid less attention to the PCP on its left and more attention to the PSD, party leaders shed Marxist trappings. In the 1986 PS official program, for example, the text does not include the word Marxism.Despite the party's election victories in the mid- and late-1990s, the leadership discovered that their grasp of power and their hegemony in governance at various levels was threatened by various factors: President Jorge Sampaio's second term, the constitution mandated, had to be his last.Following the defeat of the PS by the PSD in the municipal elections of December 2001, Premier Antônio Guterres resigned his post, and President Sampaio dissolved parliament and called parliamentary elections for the spring. In the 17 March 2002 elections, following Guterres's resignation as party leader, the PS was defeated by the PSD by a vote of 40 percent to 38 percent. Among the factors that brought about the socialists' departure from office was the worsening post-September 11 economy and disarray within the PS leadership circles, as well as charges of corruption among PS office holders. However, the PS won 45 percent of the vote in parliamentary elections of 2005, and the leader of the party, José Sócrates, a self-described "market-oriented socialist" became prime minister.Historical dictionary of Portugal > Socialist Party / Partido Socialista
-
7 CPPP
1) Политика: Christian Pragmatic Progressive Party2) Фирменный знак: Cherry Piano Player Productions
См. также в других словарях:
Party of Democratic Socialism (Germany) — This article is about the party before the merger with WASG in 2007. For the current, post merger party, see The Left (Germany). Party of Democratic Socialism Partei des Demokratischen Sozialismus / Die Linkspartei.PDS Former German F … Wikipedia
Liberal Party of Canada — One of the two major Canadian political parties. It originated in two reformist opposition groups, Rouges and Clear Grits, that emerged in the mid 19th century in what are now the provinces of Quebec and Ontario, respectively. The first Liberal… … Universalium
Moderate Party — For other uses, see Moderate Party (disambiguation). Moderate Party Moderata samlingspartiet … Wikipedia
Independence Party (Iceland) — Independence Party Sjálfstæðisflokkurinn Chairman Bjarni Benediktsson Vice … Wikipedia
political party — Group of persons organized to acquire and exercise political power. Formal political parties originated in their modern form in Europe and the U.S. in the 19th century. Whereas mass based parties appeal for support to the whole electorate, cadre… … Universalium
People's Action Party — This article is about the People s Action Party of Singapore. For other groups with the same name, see People s Action Party (disambiguation). People s Action Party 人民行动党／人民行動黨 Parti Tindakan Rakyat மக்கள் செயல் கட்சி … Wikipedia
National Party (Syria) — National Party حزب الوطني Leader Hashem Atassi, Saadallah al Jabiri, Lotfi Al Haffar, Jameel Mardam Baik, Shukri al Kotili, Naseeb Bakri, Ibrahim Hananu, Sultan Basha Al Atrash, Faris Al Khoury, Saleh Ali, Faisal Najib, Honorary Sami Al Baroudi… … Wikipedia
The Left Party.PDS — This article is about the party before the merger with WASG in 2007. For the current, post merger party, see The Left (Germany). Infobox Germany Former Political Party party name = The Left Party.PDS party name german = Die Linkspartei/PDS party… … Wikipedia
Political party — A political party is a political organization that seeks to attain and maintain political power within government, usually by participating in electoral campaigns. Parties often espouse an expressed ideology or vision bolstered by a written… … Wikipedia
Libertarian Party (United States) — Libertarian Party Chairman Mark Hinkle Founded December 11, 1971 … Wikipedia
Liberal Party of Canada — Infobox Canada Political Party party name = Liberal Party of Canada Parti libéral du Canada party wikicolourid = Liberal status = active class = fed foundation = July 1, 1867 dissolution = party leader = Stéphane Dion| president =Doug Ferguson… … Wikipedia
